Epistaxis Management
Epistaxis is a common emergency in the primary care setting. Up to 60% of adults in the U.S., have experienced epistaxis. Two types of epistaxis include anterior and posterior bleed. A large number of cases of anterior epistaxis occurs as a result of the rich blood supply of the Kiesselbach Plexus, local irritation due to disruption of the nasal mucosa from trauma, infectious process, foreign body, allergic reaction, dry nasal mucosa, prolonged use of anti-platelets and long-term cocaine use. Posterior epistaxis occurs from the internal maxillary, sphenopalatine, and descending palatine arteries. Anterior bleed is more common and less severe than posterior bleed. Management of epistaxis include use of compression therapy, directive and packing.